Causes of Diabetes
Diabetes is a non-communicable, chronic medical condition characterized by high levels of blood sugar. It can be influenced by a variety of factors that differ by diabetes type, including Type 1, Type 2, Gestational diabetes, Monogenic diabetes, and secondary forms.
Causes of Type 1 Diabetes
- Autoimmune Response: The immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.
- Genetic Predisposition: Certain genetic mutations increase the risk of developing Type 1 diabetes.
- Environmental Factors: Viral infections, such as COVID-19, may trigger Type 1 diabetes.
Causes of Type 2 Diabetes
- The body’s cells become less responsive to insulin, impairing glucose absorption.
- The pancreas fails to produce enough insulin to meet the body’s needs.
- Family history and genetic mutations increase risk.
- Obesity, physical inactivity, and sedentary lifestyle contribute to insulin resistance.
- Diets high in sugar, salt, and unhealthy fats increase the risk.
- Certain health conditions: high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and polycystic ovary syndrome.
- Hormonal changes during pregnancy may cause gestational diabetes.
- Other factors: smoking, chronic stress, long-term steroid use, high birth weight, low vitamin D and magnesium levels.
Preventing these causes through a healthy and active lifestyle can significantly reduce the risk of developing diabetes. Regular exercise, balanced nutrition, and stress management are key strategies to live a diabetes-free life.
